Email this article Power Systems Stability through Piecewise Monotonic Data Approximations - Part 1: Comparative Benchmarking of L1PMA, L2WPMA and L2CXCV in Overhead Medium-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks
Abstract
This first paper assesses the performance of three well-known piecewise monotonic data approximations (i.e., L1PMA, L2WPMA, and L2CXCV) during the mitigation of measurement differences in the overhead medium-voltage broadband over power lines (OV MV BPL) transfer functions.
The contribution of this paper is triple. First, based on the inherent piecewise monotonicity of OV MV BPL transfer functions, L2WPMA and L2CXCV are outlined and applied during the determination of theoretical and measured OV MVBPL transfer functions. Second, L1PMA, L2WPMA, and L2CXCV are comparatively benchmarked by using the performance metrics of the percent error sum (PES) and fault PES. PES and fault PES assess the efficiency and accuracy of the three piecewise monotonic data approximations during the determination of transmission BPL transfer functions. Third, the performance of L1PMA, L2WPMA, and L2CXCV is assessed with respect to the nature of faults (i.e., faults that follow either continuous uniform distribution (CUD) or normal distribution (ND) of different magnitudes).
The goal of this set of two papers is the establishment of a more effective identification and restoration of the measurement differences during the OV MV BPL coupling transfer function determination that may significantly help towards a more stable and self-healing power system.
Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. (2017). Power Systems Stability through Piecewise Monotonic Data Approximations - Part 1: Comparative Benchmarking of L1PMA, L2WPMA and L2CXCV in Overhead Medium-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks. Trends in Renewable Energy, 3(1), 2-32. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.17737/tre.2017.3.1.0029
Keywords
Full Text:
FULL TEXT (PDF)References
K. Ali, I. Pefkianakis, A. X. Liu, and K. H. Kim, Boosting PLC Networks for High-Speed Ubiquitous Connectivity in Enterprises, arXiv preprint arXiv:1608.06574, 2016, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.06574v1.pdf
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Best L1 Piecewise Monotonic Data Approximation in Overhead and Underground Medium-Voltage and Low-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks: Theoretical and Practical Transfer Function Determination, Hindawi Journal of Computational Engineering, vol. 2016, Article ID 6762390, 24 pages, 2016. DOI:10.1155/2016/6762390. [Online]. Available: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jcengi/2016/6762390/cta/
C. Cano, A. Pittolo, D. Malone, L. Lampe, A. M.Tonello, and A. Dabak, State-of-the-art in Power Line Communications: From the Applications to the Medium, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.,vol. 34, pp. 1935-1952, 2016.
L. Lampe, A. M. Tonello, and T. G. Swart, Power Line Communications: Principles, Standards and Applications from Multimedia to Smart Grid. John Wiley & Sons, 2016.
Homeplug, Technology Gains Momentum, 2013, [Online]. Available: http://www.businesswire.com
Homeplug, AVWhitepaper, 2007, [Online]. Available: http://www.homeplug.org/techresources/resources/
Homeplug, AV2Whitepaper, 2011, [Online]. Available: http://www.homeplug.org/techresources/resources/
A. G. Lazaropoulos and P. G. Cottis, Transmission characteristics of overhead medium voltage power line communication channels, IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 1164-1173, Jul. 2009.
A. G. Lazaropoulos and P. G. Cottis, Capacity of overhead medium voltage power line communication channels, IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 723-733, Apr. 2010.
A. G. Lazaropoulos and P. G. Cottis, Broadband transmission via underground medium-voltage power lines-Part I: transmission characteristics, IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 2414-2424, Oct. 2010.
A. G. Lazaropoulos and P. G. Cottis, Broadband transmission via underground medium-voltage power lines-Part II: capacity, IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 2425-2434, Oct. 2010.
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Broadband transmission characteristics of overhead high-voltage power line communication channels, Progress in Electromagnetics Research B, vol. 36, pp. 373-398, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://www.jpier.org/PIERB/pierb36/19.11091408.pdf
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Capacity Performance of Overhead Transmission Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Broadband over Power Lines Networks: The Insidious Effect of Noise and the Role of Noise Models, Trends in Renewable Energy, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 61-82, Jan. 2016. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2016.2.2.0023
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Factors Influencing Broadband Transmission Characteristics of Underground Low-Voltage Distribution Networks,
IET Commun., vol. 6, no. 17, pp. 2886-2893, Nov. 2012.
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Towards broadband over power lines systems integration: Transmission characteristics of underground low-voltage distribution power lines, Progress in Electromagnetics Research B, 39, pp. 89-114, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://www.jpier.org/PIERB/pierb39/05.12012409.pdf
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Broadband transmission and statistical performance properties of overhead high-voltage transmission networks, Hindawi Journal of Computer Networks and Commun., 2012, article ID 875632, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jcnc/aip/875632/
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Towards modal integration of overhead and underground low-voltage and medium-voltage power line communication channels in the smart grid landscape: model expansion, broadband signal transmission characteristics, and statistical performance metrics (Invited Paper), ISRN Signal Processing, vol. 2012, Article ID 121628, 17 pages, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://www.isrn.com/journals/sp/aip/121628/
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Review and Progress towards the Common Broadband Management of High-Voltage Transmission Grids: Model Expansion and Comparative Modal Analysis, ISRN Electronics, vol. 2012, Article ID 935286, pp. 1-18, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://www.hindawi.com/isrn/electronics/2012/935286/
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Review and Progress towards the Capacity Boost of Overhead and Underground Medium-Voltage and Low-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks: Cooperative Communications through Two- and Three-Hop Repeater Systems, ISRN Electronics, vol. 2013, Article ID 472190, pp. 1-19, 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www.hindawi.com/isrn/electronics/aip/472190/
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Green Overhead and Underground Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Medium Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks: Energy-Efficient Power Control, Springer Journal of Global Optimization, vol. 2012 / Print ISSN 0925-5001, pp. 1-28, Oct. 2012.
P. Amirshahi and M. Kavehrad, High-frequency characteristics of overhead multiconductor power lines for broadband communications, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 1292-1303, Jul. 2006.
T. Sartenaer, Multiuser communications over frequency selective wired channels and applications to the powerline access network Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Catholique Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Sep. 2004.
T. Calliacoudas and F. Issa, Multiconductor transmission lines and cables solver, An efficient simulation tool for plc channel networks development, presented at the IEEE Int. Conf. Power Line Communications and Its Applications, Athens, Greece, Mar. 2002.
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Measurement Differences, Faults and Instabilities in Intelligent Energy Systems -Part 1: Identification of Overhead High-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Network Topologies by Applying Topology Identification Methodology (TIM), Trends in Renewable Energy, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 85 - 112, Oct. 2016. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2016.2.3.0026
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Measurement Differences, Faults and Instabilities in Intelligent Energy Systems - Part 2: Fault and Instability Prediction in Overhead High-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks by Applying Fault and Instability Identification Methodology (FIIM), Trends in Renewable Energy, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 113 - 142, Oct. 2016. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2016.2.3.0027
I. C. Demetriou and M. J. D. Powell, Least squares smoothing of univariate data to achieve piecewise monotonicity, IMA J. of Numerical Analysis, vol. 11, pp. 411-432, 1991.
I. C. Demetriou and V. Koutoulidis, On Signal Restoration by Piecewise Monotonic Approximation , in Lecture Notes in Engineering and Computer Science: Proceedings of The World Congress on Engineering 2013, London, U.K., Jul. 2013, pp. 268-273.
I. C. Demetriou, An application of best L1 piecewise monotonic data approximation to signal restoration, IAENG International Journal of Applied Mathematics, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 226-232, 2013.
I. C. Demetriou, L1PMA: A Fortran 77 Package for Best L1 Piecewise Monotonic Data Smoothing, Computer Physics Communications, vol. 151, no. 1, pp. 315-338, 2003.
I. C. Demetriou, Data Smoothing by Piecewise Monotonic Divided Differences, Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, 1985.
I. C. Demetriou, Best L1 Piecewise Monotonic Data Modelling, Int. Trans. Opl Res., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 85-94,1994.
C. de Boor, A Practical Guide to Splines. Revised Edition, NY: Springer-Verlag, Applied Mathematical Sciences, vol. 27, 2001.
M. Holschneider, Wavelets. An Analysis Tool, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997.
I. C. Demetriou, Algorithm 863: L2WPMA, a Fortran 77 package for weighted least-squares piecewise monotonic data approximation, ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software (TOMS), vol. 33, no.1, pp. 6, 2007.
I. C. Demetriou, L2CXCV: A Fortran 77 package for least squares convex/concave data smoothing, Computer physics communications, vol. 174, no.8, pp. 643-668, 2006.
P. Amirshahi, Broadband access and home networking through powerline networks Ph.D. dissertation, Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA, May 2006. [Online]. Available: http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-1205/index.html
M. D’Amore and M. S. Sarto, Simulation models of a dissipative transmission line above a lossy ground for a wide-frequency range-Part I: Single conductor configuration, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 127-138, May 1996.
M. D’Amore and M. S. Sarto, Simulation models of a dissipative transmission line above a lossy ground for a wide-frequency range-Part II: Multi-conductor configuration, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 139-149, May 1996.
A. Milioudis, G. T. Andreou, and D. P. Labridis, Detection and location of high impedance faults in multiconductor overhead distribution lines using power line communication devices, IEEE Trans. on Smart Grid, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 894-902, 2015.
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Designing Broadband over Power Lines Networks Using the Techno-Economic Pedagogical (TEP) Method - Part I: Overhead High Voltage Networks and Their Capacity Characteristics, Trends in Renewable Energy, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 16-42, Mar. 2015. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2015.1.1.002
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Designing Broadband over Power Lines Networks Using the Techno-Economic Pedagogical (TEP) Method - Part II: Overhead Low-Voltage and Medium-Voltage Channels and Their Modal Transmission Characteristics, Trends in Renewable Energy, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 59-86, Jun. 2015. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2015.1.2.006
T. Sartenaer and P. Delogne, Deterministic modelling of the (Shielded) outdoor powerline channel based on the multiconductor transmission line equations, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 1277-1291, Jul. 2006.
OPERA1, D5: Pathloss as a function of frequency, distance and network topology for various LV and MV European powerline networks. IST Integrated Project No 507667, Apr. 2005.
OPERA1, D44: Report presenting the architecture of plc system, the electricity network topologies, the operating modes and the equipment over which PLC access system will be installed, IST Integr. Project No 507667, Dec. 2005.
A. G. Lazaropoulos, The Impact of Noise Models on Capacity Performance of Distribution Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) Networks, Hindawi Computer Networks and Communications, vol. 2016, Article ID 5680850, 14 pages, 2016. DOI:10.1155/2016/5680850. [Online]. Available: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jcnc/2016/5680850/
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Policies for Carbon Energy Footprint Reduction of Overhead Multiple-Input Multiple-Output High Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks, Trends in Renewable Energy, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 87-118, Jun. 2015. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2015.1.2.0011
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Wireless Sensor Network Design for Transmission Line Monitoring, Metering and Controlling: Introducing Broadband over PowerLines-enhanced Network Model (BPLeNM), ISRN Power Engineering, vol. 2014, Article ID 894628, 22 pages, 2014. DOI:10.1155/2014/894628. [Online]. Available: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn.power.engineering/2014/894628/
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Wireless Sensors and Broadband over PowerLines Networks: The Performance of Broadband over PowerLines-enhanced Network Model (BPLeNM) (Invited Paper), ICAS Publishing Group Transaction on IoT and Cloud Computing, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1-35, 2014. [Online]. Available: http://icas-pub.org/ojs/index.php/ticc/article/view/27/17
M. J. D. Powell, Approximation Theory and Methods. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Engineering the Art through the Lens of L1PMA: A Tribute to the Modern Greek Painters, Art Book ISSUU Digital Publishing Platform, Oct. 2014. [Online]. Available: http://issuu.com/lazaropoulos/docs/l1pma
A. G. Lazaropoulos, ReEngineering the Art through the Lens of L2WPMA: A Tribute to Leonardo da Vinci’s Inventions: Flying Machines, War Machines, Architect/Innovations and Water Land Machines, Art Book ISSUU Digital Publishing Platform, Nov. 2014. [Online]. Available: http://issuu.com/lazaropoulos/docs/l2wpma
A. G. Lazaropoulos, ReEngineering the Art through the Lens of L1PMA L2WPMA: The Eternal Youth of the Parthenon Art, Architecture, Marble Sculpture, Metallurgy Pottery, Art Book ISSUU Digital Publishing Platform, Dec. 2014. [Online]. Available: http://issuu.com/lazaropoulos/docs/l1pma_l2wpma
http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADRF
http://www.cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADXM_v1_0.html
T. Banwell and S. Galli, novel approach to accurate modeling of the indoor power line channel-Part I: Circuit analysis and companion model, IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 655-663, Apr. 2005.
S. Galli and T. Banwell, novel approach to accurate modeling of the indoor power line channel - Part II: Transfer function and channel properties, IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 1869-1878, Jul. 2005.
S. Galli and T. Banwell, deterministic frequency-domain model for the indoor power line transfer function, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 1304-1316, Jul. 2006.
A. G. Lazaropoulos, Deployment Concepts for Overhead High Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Connections with Two-Hop Repeater System: Capacity Countermeasures against Aggravated Topologies and High Noise Environments, Progress in Electromagnetics Research B, vol. 44, pp. 283-307, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://www.jpier.org/PIERB/pierb44/13.12081104.pdf
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17737/tre.2017.3.1.0029
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 Athanasios G. Lazaropoulos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.Copyright @2014-2025 Trends in Renewable Energy (ISSN: 2376-2136, online ISSN: 2376-2144)