Email this article Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanospheres Obtained by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Wood-derived and Other Saccharides
Abstract
Carbon nanospheres were synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of four different carbon sources: xylose, glucose, sucrose, and pine wood derived saccharides. The obtained carbon nanospheres were characterized for particle morphology and size, and surface functional groups. Morphological and structural differences among these saccharides derived HTC carbons were clearly observed. Scanning electron microscopy images of carbon nanospheres from HTC of xylose showed uniform spherical particles with diameters around 80 nm, while carbon nanospheres obtained from glucose, sucrose, and pine-derived saccharides had particle size  in the range of 100-150 nm, 300-400 nm, and 50-100 nm, respectively. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide were primary gaseous phase products during the HTC process. In addition, methane, propane, hydrogen, and benzene were detected in the gas phase.
Citation:Â Yan, Q., Li, R., Toghiani, H., Cai, Z., and Zhang, J. (2015). Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanospheres Obtained by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Wood-derived and Other Saccharides. Trends in Renewable Energy, 1(2), 119-128. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2015.1.2.0012
Keywords
Full Text:
FULL TEXT (PDF)References
Hu, B., Wang, K., Wu, L., Yu, S.-H., Antonietti, M., and Titirici, M.-M. (2010). Engineering Carbon Materials from the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process of Biomass. Advanced Materials, 22(7), 813-828. DOI: 10.1002/adma.200902812
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND PROCESS TECHNOLOGY SERIES. (1993). In: Handbook of Carbon, Graphite, Diamonds and Fullerenes, H. O. Pierson, ed., William Andrew Publishing, Oxford, pp: v-vi. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-8155-1339-1.50003-7
Li, R., and Shahbazi, A. (2015). A Review of Hydrothermal Carbonization of Carbohydrates for Carbon Spheres Preparation. Trends in Renewable Energy, 1(1), 43-56. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2015.1.1.009
Ragland, K. W., Aerts, D. J., and Baker, A. J. (1991). Properties of wood for combustion analysis. Bioresource Technology, 37(2), 161-168. DOI: 10.1016/0960-8524(91)90205-X
Koch, P. (1972). Utilization of the southern pines. Asheville, NC: USDA-Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, Volume 1, 1-734.
Sluiter, A., Hames, B., Ruiz, R., Scarlata, C., Sluiter, J., Templeton, D., and Crocker, D. (2008). Determination of Structural Carbohydrates and Lignin in Biomass: Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP). http://www.nrel.gov/biomass/pdfs/42618.pdf.
Xing, W., Xue, J. S., and Dahn, J. R. (1996). Optimizing Pyrolysis of Sugar Carbons for Use as Anode Materials in Lithiumâ€Ion Batteries. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 143(10), 3046-3052. DOI: 10.1149/1.1837162
Sevilla, M., and Fuertes, A. B. (2009). The production of carbon materials by hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose. Carbon, 47(9), 2281-2289. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.04.026
Yu, L., Falco, C., Weber, J., White, R. J., Howe, J. Y., and Titirici, M.-M. (2012). Carbohydrate-Derived Hydrothermal Carbons: A Thorough Characterization Study. Langmuir, 28(33), 12373-12383. DOI: 10.1021/la3024277
Salak Asghari, F., and Yoshida, H. (2006). Acid-Catalyzed Production of 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural from d-Fructose in Subcritical Water. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 45(7), 2163-2173. DOI: 10.1021/ie051088y
Bacon, R., and Tang, M. M. (1964). Carbonization of cellulose fibers—II. Physical property study. Carbon, 2(3), 221-225. DOI: 10.1016/0008-6223(64)90036-3
Luijkx, G. C. A., van Rantwijk, F., van Bekkum, H., and Antal Jr, M. J. (1995). The role of deoxyhexonic acids in the hydrothermal decarboxylation of carbohydrates. Carbohydrate Research, 272(2), 191-202. DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(95)00098-E
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17737/tre.2015.1.2.0012
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2015 Qiangu Yan et al.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.Copyright @2014-2024 Trends in Renewable Energy (ISSN: 2376-2136, online ISSN: 2376-2144)